Insulated Blind Area And Foundation: Device

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Insulated Blind Area And Foundation: Device
Insulated Blind Area And Foundation: Device

Video: Insulated Blind Area And Foundation: Device

Video: Insulated Blind Area And Foundation: Device
Video: Foundations. Everyone should know this. Consultation of the architect. {CITY PLANNER} 2024, March
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The main purpose of the blind area is to protect the foundation of the building from atmospheric precipitation. As experience shows, the blind area needs not only to be correctly designed and properly manufactured, but also to be insulated conscientiously. This will make it possible to solve a much wider range of tasks, from reducing the forces of frost heaving, which destroy the foundation, and ending with the removal of groundwater with the protection of the basement.

insulation of the blind area and foundation
insulation of the blind area and foundation

What is an insulated blind area?

There is a rule: an insulated blind area is an insulated foundation. Indeed, such a blind area is a structure that prevents the destruction of the foundation and walls of the structure, leaching of soil and insulation of the foundation.

If the blind area was originally executed in accordance with all the rules and regulations, in the future it will prevent the risks of the destructive effect of soil freezing on the foundation of a building erected on heaving soils. In general, the design of the insulated blind area is as follows:

  • waterproofing material;
  • insulation material;
  • drainage system.

Why do you need to insulate the blind area?

As mentioned above, the main purpose of the insulated blind area is to protect and insulate the foundation of the building from its premature destruction due to heaving of the soil in the winter. However, the insulated blind area also performs a number of other equally significant functions:

  • its shifts are reduced in relation to the basement floor of the building;
  • the cost of heating the building is reduced;
  • the waterproof characteristics of the blind area are noticeably improved;
  • it becomes possible to reduce the depth of the foundation.

Algorithm of actions for professional insulation of the blind area

The standard professional scheme for laying the layers of the "cake" of the insulated blind area and the main stages of this work include the following algorithm of actions.

  1. The place is being prepared. It should be cleared, roots removed, and the top layer of earth and grass removed, equal to the depth of the insulation to be laid.
  2. A drainage layer in the form of expanded clay crushed stone is laid in the prepared place.
  3. The dug recess along the perimeter is enclosed with formwork.
  4. Protection against water penetration is done with clay, which is spread over the ditch and rammed with a layer of 25 cm.
  5. The next layer of sand is poured, which is poured with water to ensure reliable shrinkage.
  6. Extruded polystyrene foam is placed on the sand layer.
  7. A covering in the form of paving slabs or other material is laid on top of the expanded polystyrene.

Independent insulation of the blind area and foundation. Useful Tips

Council number 1. The correct arrangement of insulation of the blind area, and therefore the foundation with your own hands, presupposes correct knowledge of its structure and competent observance of the sequence of layers of the blind area "pie". You need to understand that the width of its insulation should be no less than the amount of soil freezing. So, the device of a properly insulated blind area with your own hands is as follows:

  1. a layer of geotextile is laid below, it forms the entire structure;
  2. above the geotextile, a sand layer 10-15 cm high is filled up;
  3. a layer of insulation material is laid on top of the sand;
  4. then the second sand layer is filled up with a height of up to 15 cm;
  5. then the second layer of geotextile is laid;
  6. a layer of fine gravel is placed on the geotextile;
  7. the whole resulting "cake" is crowned with a layer of decorative paving slabs or any other coating.

Council number 2. It should be understood that on heaving soils to determine the size of the foundation, the depth of freezing is of decisive importance, despite the fact that the technical requirements allow for less depth. But we must not forget that on low-heaving soils, on the contrary, the depth of laying the foundation does not depend in any way on the amount of freezing of the soil inward, since it is completely dependent on the structural features of the structure.

Council number 3. If you insulate the blind area of the shallow foundation of the structure, the freezing of the soil can be ignored. Therefore, even when spending on the device of a soundly insulated blind area, the savings will be significant. At the same time, it should be understood that insulation is a costly event, however, unjustified savings can lead to the uselessness of all the efforts made: not only the blind area with the foundation should be insulated, but also the basement.

How to insulate the blind area and foundation with your own hands?

Penoplex insulation

In general, the best option in this case is to insulate the blind area with a foam-related material - extruded polystyrene foam. Penoplex is used to insulate those places in which it is impossible to use other insulation. But in practice, as a rule, penoplex is used in any case. Insulating the blind area with this material has the following advantages:

  • high compressive strength;
  • zero indicator of vapor permeability and moisture absorption;
  • frost resistance;
  • durability;
  • weak flammability;
  • ecological cleanliness.

To insulate the blind area with your own hands using penoplex, you should lay sheets 5 cm thick in two layers or sheets 10 cm thick in one layer. The joints between the sheets are sealed with high-strength polyethylene film: it is laid on top of a layer of foam plates.

Warming with expanded clay

Expanded clay sand, gravel and crushed stone are the most popular materials used to insulate certain parts of the structure. They are distinguished by fire resistance and efficiency as insulation. Expanded clay is a completely harmless material that perfectly protects the foundation from moisture penetration.

Expanded clay sand is added as a filler to concrete mortar, but it is less effective than gravel. Expanded clay gravel is more moisture and frost-resistant and is used in independent insulation of garages, basements, basements and blind areas. Insulation of the blind area with expanded clay, as a rule, does not require special knowledge and large financial costs from a person. This happens according to the following scheme.

  1. A recess is dug for the blind area.
  2. A layer of clay and waterproofing is laid in the depression, then sand and dronite (as protection against subsidence).
  3. The next stage is the laying of expanded clay gravel, and then again - dronite and sand.
  4. Crushed stone is laid on top for the design of the territory.

Next, the drainage system is installed: a drainage system is made from the house. To do this, first a trench is dug, after which geotextiles, a layer of rubble and pipes are placed in it. The pipes should be covered with a layer of rubble and geotextile edges, and then covered with sand.

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